There is one system that will bring sense to our treatment of our atmosphere: Carbon Taxes.
A Carbon Tax is a uniform levy charged on all activities as close to their source as possible and measured on a scale of green house gas (GHG) contribution.
Irrespective of the level the most important factor is that it increases every year. A starting point of between US$5 and US$10 per tonne would be good.
The tax would be charged at source to miners, extractors and creators. Mainly fossil fuel extractors and farmers.
Any products arriving at a taxing country/region that were not taxed at source by the originating country/region, would have the tax levied at import.